Filter.



m 2 .W u l. d 6 t n t a P R 9 7 7 AT 5 5 0 N Fl L T E R.

(Application flleu Apr. 21, 1900.

(No Model.)

00000 0000 00 060 000 on 005 ooboa coc see NI'TE' STATES that laminasrncIFIoArroN forming part of Letters ratent No. 654,479, dated 5111134, ieoo;

Application filed April 21, 1900- To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ROBERT J. MCNALLY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philad'elphia,'( Germantown,)in the county of Phila=delphiaand State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Filters; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact descriptiofn'otthe invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it'appertains tn'x'nake and use thesame.

I invention relates to filters of that class consisting of two cylindersconnected with the main pressure service-pipe of dwellings and otherbuildings whereby the entire supply of water whether for bathing,drinking cooking, or other purposes, is clarified before use first inone cylinder and then in the other.

One object of my improvements is to so arrange the water distributionthat each and every part of the filter, as well as the filteringmaterial, may be cleansed in one operation, that the course .of thewater may be changed so as to ,eleanse the cylinders in the oppositedirections, and that certain portions of the filter may be alone andindependently cleansed and all the cleansing done Without removing anypart of the apparatus.

Another object of my invention ,is to improve the means for loosening te;;filtering material within each cylinder an 'toyprevent its packing,at the same time to," iievent the clogging of the loosening featur ,byhe fil-. tering material and to prevent the we r disintegration ofstrainers withinjthe cyliii ders by the frequent and opposite liftingand depressing pressures of the water and filtering material; and,finally, another object is to construct a filter which may blloperatedas a whole as a duplex filter, but which is also capable of beingoperated and cleaned as a single-cylinder filter entirely independent ofthe other.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, which is a sideView in elevation, partly in section, showing the water supply anddistribution pipe system and controlling valves and cocks in connectionwith the filtering-cylinders and accompanying features.

Referring to the drawings, A and B are two cylinders, the first cylinderA being pro- Serlal 110.13.791. (No model.)

other equivalent of animal charcoal at K to additionally clarify andpurify the Water;

At the top and'bottom of each filter is placed a detachable perforatedcone M M. Eachof these cones has a bottom plate and. washer 0, both endsof which plate and washer extend out'of the walls'of the cylinder andare there united by a nut and screw-bolt O, by which means the conescan-be easily detached from a cylinder when worn or damaged and a newonesnhstitutedthns vantage over those cones which are made in tegralwith the cylinder-casing. -It will be noticed that each coneat its.baseextends practically the entire 'width of the cylinder, thus giving theutmost cone-surface to the water and preventing any clogging-spacesabout it, The apex of each upper cone M extends down to the center ofthe top surface of the filtering material, and by reason of thislocation and'the form and strength of the conical part it has thisadvantage over a hori-. zontal perforated diaphragm that itis notsubjectto an alternate up-and-down movement and strain caused by theup-and-down strong pressure of the water when. forced in and out of thefilter,.which constant alternate pressure soon weakens the edges of ahorizontal strainer, and again the inwardlyextended walls of the coneprevent to a greater extent the rising and carrying away of the finerand pulverulent filtering material borne outward by the force of thewater, and finally the conical extended form presents a greater surfaceto the water and obviates the clogging to which horizontal diaphragmsare subject. For these reasons I find the employment of thec0nes,'particnlarly at the top of the cylinders,especially desirable andadvantageous.

Referring now to the pipe system, C is the main service inlet-pipe, towhich the first cylinder A is connected bybranch pipe Dand the secondcylinder B by the branch pipe E. The pipe 0 is provided withastop-Valve9 to throw the water through the said branch pipes to thefilter or permit the water to run through without passing through thefilter.

' eater-(ls and leads into the service-pipe O.

Branch pipe D is provided with stop-valve 1 and pipe Ewith valve 7 tocontrol admission of water to and from the separate cylinders.

J is a pipe connecting the cylinder branch pipes D and E, and F is awash-out pipe connected to the center of pipe J. On each side of thewash-out pipe the pipe J is provided with stop-valves 5 and S tocontrolindependently the outflow of water from the cylinders A B.

F is a horizontal pipe at the bottom of the filter connecting cylindersA B and governed by stop-valve 6. To the right-hand end of pipe F, asshown in this illustration, a vertical pipe F is connected to theright-hand cylinder B. Pipe F is for the filtered water It is governedby stop-valve 3.

F is a drain-pipe leading out from the bottom of the filter on the leftside.

G is a central vertical pipe opening at its foot into bottom pipe F andat its top provided with av horizontal branch H, leading into the topofthe second cylinder 13. The branch II is provided with stop-valve 2. Hand H -are horizontal branches of vertical pipe G and extend in oppositedirections'into the respective cylinders A B and into the body of thefiltering material therein placed. These branch pipes are respectivelyprovided with st-op-valves-e and 10, controlling the flow of water fromvertical pipe G to either of the filter-cylinders. The pipes H and H",

leading into the bodies of the cylinders, are

each provided at their inner end with a set of diverging perforatedpipes L. The pipes L are perforated alone on their upper sides orsurface. They are located inthe body of the filtering material, andtheir function is'to stir up by the force of the jets of water thrownthrough them the surrounding mate rial to prevent it from packing and tolift and loosen the deposit that forms in and on top ,of thefiltering-beds when the filter-cylinders are washed out.

The usual operation of filtering is as follows: Let the stop-valve 9 inthe service-pipe be closed to shutofi direct flow, as through thebuilding, also valve 7 in the branch of the right-hand cylinder, valves5 and 8 in the wash-out pipe J, valves 4 and 10 in pipes ll H leadinginto body of the cylinders, valve 6 in pipe F, leading into bottom ofright-hand cylinder, and let valve 1 in branch) pipe of cylinder. A beopen, pipe F open from cylinder to vertical pipe G, and pipe G open totop of second cylinder. Then the flow of water is, as indicated by thearrows in the drawing, first from the service pipe into cylinder A,through the top cone M, through the body of the flint material I,through the bottom cone M, thence into pipe F, thence I uppipe G intotop of second cylinder B, thence down through the bone coal material andlower cone M. tered in both cylinders .and then passes up pipe 13" intothe service-pipe and then through The water has now been filthe house.It will be readily seen'how by closing the other pipes filtering can bedone through the first cylinder A only through pipe D into saidcylinder, along pipe F, and upward through the filtered-water pipe" F,and how, if desired, the water can alone be filtered in cylinder B byloading it through pipe E into said cylinder and thence.into pipes F andF. The same system in the matter of cleansing can be followed.

In cleansing the entire filter it is desirable,

first, as a preliminary step to loosen and raise 7 up the top deposit ofimpure and sedimentary matter collecting on the upper portions of thefiltering. material in both cylinders A and B,

To this end water is led into cylinder A through pipe D, thence downinto pipe F, thence up pipe G, thence into the opposite branch pipes H Hfrom whence it escapes with force through perforated pipes L in the bodyof the material, lifting up and loosening the same, the pipe leadinginto top of cylin der B being in the meantime closed by valve 2 and theHow out of pipe F by the valve 6. Then when the top deposits are thussufiiciently loosened and stirred up branch pipes H H are closed byvalves 10 and 46, pipe F opened by valvefi, water flows into the bot--tom of cylinder B, up through it into pipe E, into upper cross-pipe J,valye 5 therein being opened, and out of the wash-out pipe F valve* 8 inthe other branch of pipe J being cl0sed. [09;

Then to cleanse cylinderA a reverse move ment takes place, ingress-pipeD is closedand j pipe E into top of cylinder 13 is opened, wa ter flowsthrough the latter down t6 pipe F, along the left to bottom of cylinderA-,.up through that cylinder to pipe J, valve Shav' ing been opened, andout of the wash-out pipe F If but one cylinder is being used or if it-isfound necessary to cleanse the material in'bn't one cylinder, one of thepipes H H- isclosed, so

that water can be forced alone into the opposite pipe. \Vater falling atthe bottom of either cylinder during the operation of cleansing is ledout by drain-pipe F com municatingwith pipe F.

It will thus be seen that in the duplex sys--- tem of filters hereinillustrated and described independent operations can be had for thepurpose of filtering the water and cleansingthe filters and adapted alsoto operateon each particular part of the filter to the exclusion of theothers and both cylinders and every part are cleaned with filteredwater. The appear ance of the water after'a wash-out will indicate whenthe cleansing operation may cease and whether it has been thoroughlydone.

A little experience will soon make the operation of the filter readilyunderstood and also determine the times for cleansing the filter. Asbefore stated, there are no parts to be removed in the washing-outprocess and only the proper manipulation of the stopand cleansing havebeen employed and that parts similar to the separate features hereindescribed are old in other constructions; but

What I claim is In a duplex filter the combination with the twocylinders each provided with filtering material, of top and bottomdetachable perforatedvcones in each cylinder, a main service and pipedistribution system provided with snitablesto'p-valves, a loosening andstirring device in each cylinder consisting of. branch horizontal pipesperforated in their upper surface and extending through the body of thefiltering material, a larger horizontal pipe to which said branches areconnected,said larger pipe provided with a stop-valve, a verticalcentral pipe to which said horizontal pipe and its branches areconnected, and the feed and main pressure-pipes and their valve-stops,whereby the filtering material in each or both of the cylinders may beloosened and stirred at the same time or independently, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I afiix in presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT J. NCNALLY;

my signature

